Gutabara Imuhira – Amahema Y’ubwihisho Yihuta

Mu myaka ya vuba, ibiza bya kamere bikunze kugaragara n’amakuba rusange byatumye gutanga amakambi y’igihe gato ahumye kandi afite umutekano ku bantu bababajwe ari byo byingenzi mu ngamba zo gutabara abahohotewe n’ibi byago. Nk’igikoresho gishya cyo gutabara mu bihe by’ibiza, amahema y’ubutabazi y’umwuka akaba ari ibikoresho by’ingenzi mu gutabara ibi byago kubera ibyiza byabyo nko guterwa vuba, kwiyunga, n’ukurinda abantu. Iyi ngingo izakorera impaka ku bidukikije, application scenarios, technological developments, and key points for selecting emergency inflatable isolation tents.

I. Ibiranga n’ibyiza by’amahema y’umwuka y’ubutabazi.

Ugereranije n’amahema ya gakondo yo gutabara ibi byago, amahema y’umwuka agaragaza ibyiza byinshi mu rwego rwo gutabara ibiza. Iya mbere, akozwe mu mwenda ukomeye wa PVC cyangwa polyester fiber, ufite imbaraga zo kuzitira amazi, ukwiza, n’umuyaga. Ibicuruzwa bimwe birashobora kwihanganira umuyaga w’icyitegererezo cya 8 n’ibiza by’imvura. Iya kabiri, imiterere y’umwuka irashobora guterwa mu mibare 3-5 ukoresheje pompe y’amashanyarazi, byongera cyane ubushobozi bwo gutabara. Amahema afite imiterere ya modulari, aho ubusa bwa metero kare 20 bushobora kwaguka bukaba ahantu h’igihe gato h’imetero kare 100 ukoresheje ibyuma byo guhuza.

Umumaro w’umwihariko ni agaciro k’umurimo wabo wo gutandukanya. Ibyanditswe bivuga ko amahema y’ubutabazi y’umwuka yo mu bihe bya none agira imiringoti y’imirimo ibiri, sisitemu zihitamo imiyaga, n’ahantu ho guca imikino y’urukundo, bikabuza neza imikorere y’indwara. Mu gihe cyo kurwanya no kugenzura indwara, amehema nk’aya ashobora gukora nk’ibyumba byo gutandukanya abantu, ahantu ho gupima COVID-19, cyangwa ibiro byo kohereza ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi. Ibicuruzwa bivuga ko sisitemu zabo zubatswe zo gukora umwuka mubi zihitamo umwuka uva aho ukunze, bigabanya ibyago byo kwanduza abantu benshi kuruta 90%.

II. Imikorere y’ikoreshwa mu bihe byinshi.

Mu ngamba zo gutabara ibi byago mu bihe bya vuba, amahema y’umwuka yashyizweho uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha. Mu gihe cyo gutwika, uburemere bwayo (buremereye ntiburenze Kilo 50 ku gice) butuma akwiriye gutwarwa mu ndege. Mu gikorwa cyo gutabara abahohotewe n’umutingito mu 2023 mu Bushinwa, amehema y’umwuka 300 yashyizweho nk’ibiro by’ubuyobozi bw’ihungabana n’ahantu ho gutunganya abakomeretse. Mu bihe by’ibiza by’amazi, ibiranga bifite imbaraga nziza zo kuzitira amazi birashobora guterera hejuru y’amazi, bikaba ibibanza by’agateganyo byo kurokora abantu. Ibyanditswe bivuga ko ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga bimwe byateje imbere amehema yihariye y’amazi ashizeho sisitemu z’amashanyarazi z’izuba, ziba zikora mu gihe cy’amasaha 72.

Uruhare rwabo mu bihe by’amakuba y’ubuzima rusange byerekana ko badashobora gusimburwa. Mu bihe bya mbere by’icyorezo cya COVID-19, amehema y’umwuka yashyizwe hafi y’ibitaro bya Huoshenshan i Wuhan yakoreshejwe nk’ahantu ho kuruhukira abakozi b’ubuvuzi n’ahantu ho gushyira no gukura imyenda ikingira. Ibicuruzwa bimwe byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bifite kandi sisitemu z’ubushyuhe z’ubwenge, zikomeza ubushyuhe bw’imbere bwa 20-26°C, ibyo bikaba by’ingenzi mu bikorwa byo gutabara mu bihe bishyuha cyane.

III. Iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga n’ibihinduka bishya.

Ikoranabuhanga rya none ry’amahema y’umwuka rigenda rigenda rigenda rigana mu bwenge no gukora ibintu byinshi. Impapuro z’ibicuruzwa zigaragaza ko ibicuruzwa by’ikinyejana gishya bisanzwe bifite ikoranabuhanga rya IoT, bituma habaho gukurikirana mu buryo bw’ikirenga ko abantu bari mu mahema, ubushyuhe, ubuhehere, n’ubwiza bw’umwuka hakoreshejwe porogaramu za smartphone. Imwe mu migabane ya

Smart Shelter

ifite kandi sisitemu zo kuyabamo umwuka mubi zo mu rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubuvuzi, zifite ubushobozi bwo gukuraho 99.97% bya PM2.5. Iterambere mu bumenyi bw’ibikoresho ryatumye ubuzima bw’amahema buzamuka kuva mu myaka 2-3 gakondo kugera ku myaka 5, kandi ubushobozi bwo gukomera ku gikoresho bwiyongera kuri 300%.

Imiterere ya modulari yabaye icyiciro gikunzwe mu nganda. Ukoresheje intersurface zihuje zisanzwe, ibice byinshi by’amahema birashobora guhuzwa bikaba ibitaro binini by’igihe gito. Ibyanditswe bya rusange byerekana ko igice gishingiye cy’imetero kare 20 gishobora kwaguka kikaba igice cy’ubuvuzi gikubiyemo ahantu ho gupima no kuvura, ibyumba by’indwara, n’ahantu ho guca imikino. Ibi bihaye ubushobozi bwo kugenda buhinduka biyongera cyane ubushobozi bwo kwiyungisha mu gutabara ibi byago.

IV. Amabwiriza yo guhitamo no gukoresha.

Guhitamo amehema y’umwuka y’ubutabazi bisaba kwitaho ibintu bitanu by’ingenzi:

1. Icyemezo cy’umutekano: Urebe ko byujuje ubuziranenge bw’igihugu GB/T 27788-2011 bw’amahema yo gutabara ibiza. Ibishushanyo by’ubuvuzi binasaba kugira ibyangombwa byo kwandikisha ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi.

2. Ubushobozi bwo kwiyunga n’ibidukikije: Mu turere dukonje cyane, hitamo ibishushanyo bihanganira ubushyuhe bwa -30°C. Ahantu hafi y’inyanja, ugomba gushyira imbere ibikoresho byo gukumira umunyu.

3. Ibiranga imikorere: Hitamo ubwoko bufite imikorere igizwe n’amadirishya yo kureba, imiyoboro ya elektiriki, n’ibishanga byo kuvoma amazi.

4. Ubworoherane bwo gukomeza: Shyira imbere ibishushanyo bifite imiterere ya modulari kugira ngo ibice byangiritse bisimburwe byihuse.

5. Ibyiringiro by’abatanga ibicuruzwa: Reba uburambe bw’abatanga ibicuruzwa mu gutanga ibikoresho byo gutabara ibiza kandi ushyire imbere abo bari mu bikorwa byo gutabara ku rwego rw’igihugu.

Ku bijyanye no gukoresha no gukomeza, ugomba gusuzuma kenshi ubushobozi bwo kuziba umwuka n’imiterere y’ingirakamaro. Icyegeranyo cy’iby’ubuhanga cy’umuganda kivuga ko ugomba gukomeza 50% byo kuzura mu gihe cyo kubika igihe kirekire kugira ngo utitinya ibikoresho byangirika. Kugira ngo usukure, koresha ibikoresho byo gusukura bitari bikaze kandi wirinde gukuna ibicapo byo hejuru n’ibintu bikomeye.

V. Iterambere ry’inganda n’ibizaza.

Hamwe n’iterambere rya politiki y’ubwubatsi ibikorwa by’